Gummy smile | Causes and how to fix a gummy smile

Medically reviewed by Gordana Čižmek, dr. dent. med., spec. · Last updated: July 2026

A gummy smile – a smile with a visible gum line – is a condition in which a larger portion of the gums above the upper teeth shows when you smile. Many people feel self-conscious about their appearance because of it and look for ways to improve the aesthetics of their smile. Gingivoplasty, a surgical procedure that reshapes and shortens the gum for a more balanced smile, is one popular solution, but it is not the only one – there are other, less invasive methods that can effectively improve the look of a gummy smile.

What causes a gummy smile

The reasons behind a gummy smile are varied and can include genetic factors, the way the teeth and jaw develop, and certain medical causes. The most common factors are:

• Excessive gum growth that covers a large part of the teeth.
• A short upper lip that reveals more gum when you smile.
• Hyperactivity of the muscles that control lip movement, lifting the lip higher than usual.
• An improper ratio between the length of the teeth and the gums.
• An incorrect position of the teeth or jaws.

Laser gum reshaping (laser gingivoplasty)

Modern dentistry uses two main solutions to treat the aesthetics of a gummy smile. The first is laser gum reshaping, or laser gingivoplasty. This is a non-surgical procedure that is especially effective when only a small amount of gum tissue needs to be removed. Laser technology offers high precision and minimal invasiveness, which usually means less pain, faster healing and a lower risk of infection.

Surgical gingivoplasty

When a larger amount of gum needs to be removed, or when more extensive adjustments are required, we turn to the second main solution – surgical gingivoplasty. This procedure involves a more invasive surgical technique, but it can deliver noticeable improvements in the aesthetics of the smile. When choosing between laser and surgical gingivoplasty, the opinion of an experienced dental surgeon is key; they can assess which method best suits the patient’s specific needs and goals to achieve the best possible aesthetic result.

Other methods: dental veneers

Beyond these two core approaches, other options are available, such as dental veneers, orthodontic treatment and dental curettage. Veneers are thin ceramic or porcelain shells bonded to the front of the teeth to improve their appearance. This method is especially suitable for patients who want to address the colour, shape or size of their teeth together with improving the gum line. Teeth whitening can also help by changing the overall look of the smile.

Orthodontic treatment

Orthodontic treatment offers another alternative for improving a gummy smile, because moving the teeth into a better position can create a more harmonious smile without removing any gum tissue. This approach can be ideal for patients whose gummy smile is caused by tooth position or jaw structure.

Dental curettage

Dental curettage – cleaning below the gum line to remove inflamed tissue and improve gum health – can also contribute to a more attractive smile, especially when the gummy smile is linked to periodontal problems. This method not only improves the look of the gums but also supports long-term oral health. Keeping the gums healthy matters for the whole mouth; the NHS guidance on gum disease explains why early treatment is important.

Choosing between these options requires a thorough assessment by a dentist or dental surgeon who will consider both your aesthetic wishes and your overall health. With a tailored approach that may combine several techniques, it is possible to achieve optimal results and ensure the smile is not only more beautiful but also healthy. At OrthoDental we always take the time with you, explain every available option and answer all your questions so you can make an informed decision.

Why a professional consultation matters

When choosing the right treatment to improve a gummy smile, a consultation with a specialist is essential. At OrthoDental we use the most advanced techniques and technology to achieve optimal results and always give you individual attention. We provide tailored solutions that not only improve the aesthetics of your smile but also contribute to the better overall health of your mouth.

Several solutions for an excellent final result

Gingivoplasty is often recommended as an effective way to treat excess gum or a gummy smile, but it is not necessarily the only solution. Other options include orthodontic methods that can change the position of the teeth and jaws, dental crowns and surgical procedures that adjust the length of the tooth crown or the position of the lips. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages, so it is important that the patient consults a dentist and together they decide on the most suitable treatment for their specific needs and wishes.

How to make the final decision

Ultimately, the decision about treating a gummy smile depends on several factors, including the cause of the problem, the patient’s aesthetic wishes and their financial and time constraints. Gingivoplasty can offer fast, visible results for some patients, but a comprehensive approach that considers every treatment option is key. With a thorough understanding of the causes and careful planning, it is possible to achieve satisfying results that improve both the smile and the person’s confidence, regardless of the chosen treatment method.

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